QUIZZES AFTER MIDTERM with answers

10/23 EXTERNALITIES ESSAYS tell what economic and political principles (which we have studied in this course) are reflected in this proposal & the description of our economy now
taxing carbon dioxide emissions instead of employees' pay in a bid to stem global warming will help by Penalizing the negative externality of pollution instead of penalizing employment, thus increasing employment & reducing inequality & poverty and tightening up the labor market.
If your political principles included “all men are created equal” you wouldn’t dump your global-warming-externalities on Bangladesh and the more-vulnerable rest of the world. That makes this proposal progressive / Christian / American if foreigners are equal too.
If you believe economically that people should pay for their externalities, then taxing the carbon in the oil or coal would make sense by “paying” for the externality while discouraging the production of more CO2.

The chairman of the Federal reserve, Ben Bernacke, met recently with the members of the Fed Board to discuss ___level of economic activity__ .
If The Fed sees signs that indicate the threat of inflation the fed may __raise_ interest rates.
“SCLC” stands for Southern Christian Leadership Conference.
SCLC was dominated by Martin Luther King and other Black male preachers.
The event that led to SCLC’s formation was the Birmingham Bus Boycott.
“SNCC” stands for Student Non Violent Coordination Committee
SNCC began with LUNCH COUNTER SIT-INS which challenged the sanctity of PRIVATE PROPERTY
SNCC had _DIFFUSED DEMOCRATIC_ leadership.
SNCC was (A) far more (B) about equally (C) far less male-dominated than SCLC.
NAACP focused on _LITIGATION_ as the best way forward for Civil Rights
SNCC & SCLC focused on (2) _NON-VIOLENT DIRECT ACTION_
Russia lost (A) about the same (B) twice (C) 10 times (D) 90 times
the number of people the US lost in WWII.
A little kid became a culture hero in Russia for __TURNING IN HIS PARENTS_
In 1945 the American people thought of Josef Stalin as _NICE UNCLE JOE
Stalin expected that US and Great Britain _TO GO TO WAR BECAUSE CAPITALISTS ALWAYS DO after WWII.
US policy after WWII was guided by the basic principle of avoiding __THE MISTAKES AFTER WWI WHICH CAUSED WWII INCLUDING PUNITIVE PEACES, ECONOMIC CHAOS, NO INTERNATIONAL LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATION____
This general US policy (above) meant that Germany must _BE REBUILT__
The Soviets believed, in contrast, that Germany __MUST BE CRUSHED AND KEPT UNDER CONTROL
(11/3/2006) Assume “you” are young working-class American, not inheriting over $5 million & not holding large amounts of stocks or bonds. 15 words or LESS clearly written for each question. (1) Has Bush economic policy reduced or increased your tax load over time & why (2 reasons)? Your tax load has increased because B43 has increased spending faster than any president since WWII – not vetoing ANY spending. There is no free lunch, someone will have to pay the more-than-doubled debt. Since the tax load has shifted from the top brackets (most cuts for top 1%) to workers (payroll taxes from ~6% 1950 to over 40% now) you will have to pay a higher proportion of that debt.
(2) What would the effect on intergenerational equity (taxpayers in the future compared to taxpayers now) of a tax increase? It would decrease the debt for you and your kids by making taxpayers now pay for more of current spending.
(3) What did Dulles do in Vietnam around 1956? He stifled elections because Ho Chi Minh would have won big-time (Dulles saw the world in good vs evil “appeasement of Hitler” terms. If you’re not explicitly capitalist, like all good Christians, you’re not our friend & we want you gone so our Catholic friend can rule.
(4) In Egypt around 1956 Dulles _cut off funding for the Aswan High Dam__
because __Nasser wanted to be independent, not puppet & bought arms from Czechoslovakia _ then Nasser _Nationalized the Suez Canal to get $$$ for Dam and to stick it to colonial powers. Nasser also encouraged Algerian revolt against French colonialism.
(5) in Iran Dulles _thru CIA run by brother fomented riots to make Iran appear unstable & threatened by Communism and _OVERTTHREW__ a _ Democratic_ government because _The British needed the oil $$ (and we grabbed half) and we wanted a pliable puppet – the Shah _
(6) In the 1950’s & 1960’s the fastest growing religions were (pick 2) (a) Mainline (b) Fundamentalist (c) Social Gospel (d) Evangelical (e) New-Age
(7) These religions were more sympathetic to the Cold War Mentality because they divided the world into __GOOD VERSUS EVIL AND WE’RE THE GOOD __
(8)The leader America installed in Vietnam was (religion) __CATHOLIC___
ruling a _BUDDHIST__ country.
(10) Guatemalan politics 1945-1954 was inspired by example of __NEW DEAL IN AMERICA.
(11)The Guatemalans wanted _LAND REFORM like the US did in Germany & Japan
(12) Eisenhower’s last speech warned against influence of _MILITARY INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX _
(13) Of recent politicians Ike’s nightmare would be DICK CHENEY WHO MADE HUGE $$$ ($60 MILLION) RUNNING PRIVATE COMPANY HALIBURTON WHICH GETS NO-BID CONTRACTS FROM MILITARY THANKS TO HIS “PRIVATIZATION” OF MANY FUNCTIONS.
11/10 quiz“Domino theory” said if Vietnam fell, Commie-Chinese influence would spread throughout Southeast Asia. Instead there was war between VIETNAM & CHINA.
A Bob Corker radio ad used word “Black” 6 times in 26 seconds, an example of WEDGE politics.
Bill Clinton had (a) increased (b) decreased taxes on the rich so we had a projected (a) surplus (b) deficit in our budget over the next 10 years.
Child poverty has _INCREASED` by 1.3 MILLION thanks to B43 tax policy. (direction & number guess)
JFK ran on a “MISSILE ” gap which was total BS.
LBJ waited to introduce his Voting rights bill until after BLOODY SUNDAY SUPPRESSION OF MLK’s VOTING RIGHTS MARCH SHOWN ON TV
Ghetto economies suffered because technology and capital investment reduced the
number of jobs in MANUFACTURING & HEAVY INDUSTRY
More jobs were being created in the _SERVICE_ sector of the economy.
LBJ ordered Hoover (FBI) so Federal govt finally investigated racist murders in
(city & State) _PHILADELPHIA MISSISSIPPI______
Prison population (as a % of population) have (a) decreased slightly (b) stayed about same (c) doubled (d) tripled (e) more than quadrupled – 6 OR 7 TIMES between 1971 and now.
This change indicates a shift from (a) Progressive (b) Social Darwinist thinking to (a) progressive (b) Social Darwinist thinking.
In the late 1960’s SNCC and Stokley Carmichael moved from non-violent direct action to
_BLACK POWER which had the slogan _POWER FROM THE BARREL OF A GUN
Courts went beyond the intent of the Civil Rights act to mandate _BUSSING_
to achieve school desegregation. Unpopular with both Blacks and whites, it created a backlash.
Courts also encouraged the creation of _MAJORITY-MINORITY DISTRICTS _
in reapportionment. This had the unintended result of polarizing political debate in the House of Representatives by concentrating polarized political views in different districts.
Quiz 11 17 What feature of US society is correlated with high percentages of incarceration and harsh sentences in other countries? HUGE INEQUALITY OF WEALTH SUCH AS IN Brazil or Mexico where rich life in fortified enclaves (gated communities on steroids) _
A recent quiz of members of leading Republican members of Congressional intelligence committees revealed that they still don’t really understand the difference between
_SHIITE_ and _SUNNI_ which is critical for understanding the course of the war in Iraq.
One way inequality in US increased very recently was a shift in tax load FROM. taxes collected by _FEDERAL GOVERNMENT_ TO taxes collected by _STATES_
In taxes collected second way, poorest 20% of population pay tax rates (a) ½ (b) ¾ (c) about same (d) twice (EVEN HIGHER IN Tennessee) the rate of the wealthiest 20%.
Diem and Nhu in South Vietnam were proposing PEACE NEGOTIATIONS WITH VIET- CONG (South Vietnamese indigenous resistance)_ just before Diem was assassinated.
The “Fraternity Initiation” effect means that most people get more committed to a cause
or organization the more they have to _SUFFER_ for it.
Charles DeGaule was so afraid of the effects of fighting a Guerilla war that at the end of the Algerian War he __TURNED THE NAMES OF MANY WHO HAD FOUGHT FOR THE FRENCH OVER TO THE ALGERIAN REBELS
In “Rewarding the Hereditary Elite” the author argues that repealing _INHERITANCE TAXES__ goes against the fundamental American principle of __MERITOCRACY_ & that
by increasing the gap between __SOCIAL CLASSES or RICH & POOR _
it is thus wasting __ TALENT _(POOR GUYS INVENT COOL STUFF OFTEN) .
The infant mortality rate in Washington DC is (a) ½ (b) about the same (c) 2 times
the rate in Bejing China.
What expense is most important in driving American Auto companies to move production to Canada? __HEALTH CARE COSTS __ (TWICE AS HIGH IN US AS IN COUNTRIES WHERE UNIVERSAL CARE IS PAID FOR BY TAXES )
In 1970 America had the least _WEALTH INEQUALITY_ of any country in the developed world in 1970, now it has the most.
The average Black family has about (a) 1/5 (b)40% (c) 60% (d) about same wealth as an average White family.
In the last four years the indebtedness of US households has (a) decreased 1/3 (b) stayed about the same (c) increased 1/3
When asked if the government usually did the right thing, (a) 90% (b) 70% (c) 50% (d) 30% of Americans said YES in 1960.
Between then and now this number is (a) up 10% (b) down 10% (c) down over 30%
Mention briefly 4 court decisions which are factors in this change by motivating the “Traditional values” or “Civil Rights” backlash or by increasing polarization Prayer in School, Brown vs Board of Education, Roe Vs Wade, Miranda Rights (against self incrimination – protects criminals)
Describe a change in the Civil Rights Movement leadership that helped drive a backlash against civil-rights. FROM POLITE MIDDLE-CLASS PREACHERS USING CHRISTIAN & PATRIOTIC RHETORIC AND NON-VIOLENCE TO RADICAL ANGRY “POWER FROM THE BARREL OF A GUN” RADICALS.
Mention two other things that made people cynical about politics. WATERGATE, VIETNAM DECEPTIONS, CHURCH INVESTIGATIONS OF CIA COUPS, ASSASSINATIONS & OLIVER-STONISH-STORIES
Wedge politics work by making politics nasty and thus driving down__VOTER TURNOUT ___
and motivating a small group by making them __ ANGRY_ or _FEARFUL_
How did Nixon & Kissinger impede a possible Vietnam peace settlement in 1968. SENDING EMISSARY TO SOUTH VIET LEADERS TELLING THEM NOT TO SETTLE, NIXON WOULD GET THEM BETTER TERMS LATER